Write the names under the pictures

Answers:

1. control pad 2. webcam 3. monitor 4. speakers
5. case 6. keyboard 7. mouse

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1. …………………………………………
2. …………………………………………
3. …………………………………………
4. …………………………………………

Answers:

1. Air Pollution 2. Global Warming 3. Water Pollution 4. Chemical Pollution

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Rainforests are very important in the ecology of Earth. There aren’t many rainforests on Earth.
Here are the famous rainforests all over the world.

Central America

This region is famous for its large number of tropical birds, especially parrots.

The Amazon

lt is home to the great variety of plants and animals on Earth. A 1/5 of all the world’s plants and birds and about 1/10 of all mammal species live in these forests.

Africa

lt contains high cloud forests, swamps and şooded forests.
The Island of Madagascar is home to many unique plants and animals.

Southern Asia

In Southeast Asia the climate is hot and humid all year round.
In the mainland Asia it has a subtropical climate.

Australasia

Australia, New Zealand and New Guinea form a great area of rainforests. There are wet winds blowing from the Pacific Ocean.
Rainforests are the lungs of the Earth. lf there are fewer rainforests we don’t get enough rain.

Answer the questions

1. What are the famous rainforests on Earth?
– ………………………………………………… .
2. Which rainforest is famous for its large number of tropical birds?
– ………………………………………………… .
3. How is the animal profile of the Amazon Rainforest?
– ………………………………………………… .
4. What does Africa Rainforest contain?
– ………………………………………………… .
5. What island is home to many unique plants and animals?
– ………………………………………………… .
6. What is the climate like in Southern Asia Rainforest?
– ………………………………………………… .
7. What is the climate like in Mainland Asia?
– ………………………………………………… .
8. Which countries form a great area of rainforests?
– ………………………………………………… .
9. Are there wet winds blowing from the Pasific Ocean?
– ………………………………………………… .
10. What is the importance of rainforests?
– ………………………………………………… .

Answers:
1. They are Central America, The Amazon, Africa, Southern Asia and Australia.

2. Central America
3. 1/10 of all mammal species live in these forests.
4. lt contains high cloud forests, swamps and şooded forests.
5. The lsland of Madagascar.
6. lt’s hot and humid.
7. lt has a subtropical climate.
8. Australia, New Zealand and New Guinea.
9. Yes, there are.
10. If there are fewer rainforests we don’t get enough rain.

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lt means climate change. The earth is getting hotter and scientists agree that if we don’t reduce global warming pollution the temperature will go up. There are a lot of bad consequences of global warming. Dirty air and water, severe floods, draughts, human health problems and tropical illnesses ……… What can we do now? We should warn the others and raise our voice. We should choose an efficient vehicle, drive smartly and less. We should also buy energy – efficient appliances and choose renewable energy.

Answer the questions

1. What does ‘Global Warming’ mean?
– …………………………………. .
2. What will happen if we don’t reduce Global Warming pollution?

– …………………………………. .
3. What are the bad consequences of Global Warming?
– …………………………………. .
4. Who should we warn?
– …………………………………. .
5. How should we drive?
– …………………………………. .
6. What should we buy?
– …………………………………. .

Answers:

1. lt means climate change.
2. The temperature will go up.
3. They are dirty air and water, severe şoods, draugths, human health problems and tropical illnesses.
4. We should warn the others.
5. We should drive smartly and less.
6. We should buy energy – efficient appliances.

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(Reduce, Reuse, Recycle)

These are the three ways of protecting the natural sources.

Reduce

lt means using fewer resources. When you shop, shop differently. Buy fewer things with less money. Don’t use too much electricity and water at home. You should eat less meat.
You should avoid and reduce waste.

Reuse

Don’t throw away the things. Use them again. You can use a jar as a vase. You can write notes on a used envelope. Don’t buy an expensive item twice, try to repair it.
You should reuse containers, packaging or waste products.

Recycle

There are a lot of campaigns on recycling.
You will collect old items together and people will make new items from them. lf you don’t throw away your newspapers, magazines, books or notebooks people won’t cut trees to make them.

Answer the questions

1. What are the three R’s?
– …………………………………. .
2. What does ‘reduce’ mean?
– …………………………………. .
3. What should you eat less?
– …………………………………. .
4. What should you avoid and reduce?
– …………………………………. .
5. What does ‘reuse’ mean?
– …………………………………. .
6. How can you use a jar?
– …………………………………. .
7. Where can you write notes?
– …………………………………. .
8. What does ‘recycle’ mean?
– …………………………………. .
9. How many campaigns are there on recycling?
10. What won’t people do if you don’t throw away newspapers, magazines, books or notebooks?
– …………………………………. .

Answers:

1. They are Reduce, Reuse and Recycle.
2. lt means using fewer resources.
3. You should eat less meat.
4. You should avoid and reduce waste.
5. lt means ‘Don’t throw away the things.’
6. You can use a jar as a vase.
7. You can write notes on a used envelope.
8. lt means ‘You’ll collect old items and people will make new items from them.
9. There are a lot of campaigns.
10. They won’t cut trees.

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Complete the sentences with after, before, when, while, to, if
1. Eleven comes ……………….. ten.
2. Don’t watch TV ……………. you are doing your homework.
3. I always dry my hair ……………. bath.
4. People wash their clothes ………….. they iron them.

5. ……………… your are at home, make dinner for us.
6. I want a book ……….. read at night.
7. …………….. you finish your homework you can go out.
8. She always takes exercises ………….. lose weight.
9. …………………. my mother is washing the dishes, she always listens to radio.

10. ……………. she comes home she always kisses her mother.

Answers:

1. after 2. while 3. after 4. before 5. when
6. to 7. after 8. to 9. while 10. when

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1. And

– Diana loves ice – skating. She loves bungee – jumping.
– Diana love ice – skating and she loves bungee – jumping.

2. But

– Diana goes to cinema at the weekend.
She doesn’t go to theatre.
– Diana goes to cinema at the weekend but she doesn’t go to theatre.

3. So / Because

Diana is late for school. She should take a taxi.
– Diana is late for school so she should take a taxi.
– She should take a taxi because Diana is late for school.
– My parents are going to visit my grandparents.
They miss them very much.
– My parents are going to visit my grandparents because they miss them very much.
– They miss them very much so my parents are going to visit my grandparents.

Put and, but, so, because
1.

Brian can’t speak Japanese ………….. he can speak French very well.
2. Do washing up ……………….. sweep the şoors.

3.

I haven’t got much time ……………….. I can’t play football with you.
4.

Can you open this tin ………………… I can’t open it.
5. Jane has got a lot of money …………….. she can buy an expensive summer house.
6.
This woman can read fortune …………. she can’t read a novel.
7. We can’t understand his ltalian ……….. he speaks to fast.
8. He is very lazy …………. he can’t bring the homework on time.
9.
This man can hold his breath for three minutes ………………… he practices a lot.
10. Take your letters ………………..take your clothes, too.

Answers: 1. but 2. so 3. so 4. because 5. so
6. but 7. because 8. so 9. because 10. and

4. Before

‘Önce’ anlamına gelir. Kendisinden sonra isim ya da cümle gelebilir.
You must turn off the lights before you go to bed.

5. After

‘Sonra’ anlamına gelir. Kendisinden sonra isim ya da cümle gelebilir.
You should wash your hands after you go to the toilet.

6. To + Verb

‘için’ anlamı verir. Kendisinden sonra fiil gelir.
I’m going to take something with me.
I’m going to eat it.
I’m going to take something with me to eat.

7. When

Zaman anlamı vermek için bir cümleyle birlikte kullanılır.
I always eat fruit when I am hungry

8. While

Zaman anlamı vermek için kullanılır ve kendisinden sonra ‘Present Continuous’ yapısı gelmelidir. ‘iken’ anlamına gelir.
I like watching TV while I’m eating seeds.

9. If

Koşul anlamı vermek için kullanılan bi bağlaçtır. lf ile yapılan cümleler, yan cümledir ve genelde ‘geniş zaman’ formatıyla yapılır.
Sonraki ana cümlenin yapılışında değişik cümle türleri kullanılabilir.
If + Simple Present Tense, will + V
should + V
Imperatives
Simple Present
lf a thief enters your house, call the Police.

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Yine öğüt vermek için kullanılan ought to nun en belirgin özelliği soru ve olumsuz cümle şeklinin olmamasıdır. Bu zaman kadarki bilgilerimizden anlayacağınız kadarıyla:

should=had better = ought to
She ought to find a new job because her
working hours are very long.

Activity Exercise

Match with the pictures
1. You ought to visit the museum for your homework.
2. You ought to buy more coal because this winter will be very cold.
3. We aren’t hungry now but, night is long.
You ought to buy a loaf of bread.
4. Your car is very old. You ought to buy a new one.
5. Old people ought to eat more fruit and vegetables.

6. You are very tired. You ought to have a rest.
7. lf you go to Central Anatolia, you ought to visit Cappadocia.

10. You ought to have a lot of apples to make ‘apple pie’

Answers:

a) 5 b) 6 c) 1 d) 3 e) 4 f) 10 g) 8 i) 7 j) 9 k) 2

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İngilizce’de should’la aynı anlamda kullanılan ‘had better’ nasihat vermek için kullanılır.Kendisinden sonra gelen fiil hiçbir çekime girmez. Aşağıdaki kullanımlara dikkat ediniz.
You had better study for the exam.
You had better not stay at home alone.
Had you better wait at the bus stop?

Read the sentences and match with the pictures.
1. You had better study a lot.
2. You had better work at a comfortable table at the office
3.
4. That man had better not drive fast.
5. The students had better ask that question to the teacher.

6. We’d better buy some şowers for mum.
7. We’d better eat something at a restaurant
8. You’d better not play computer games too much.
9. lt’s very hard for me to go everywhere by bus. I had better buy a car.
10. I’d better give a ring to my girlfiend.
11. We’d better play around our house.
12. You’d better not wear those clothes.
13. You’d better put the şowers in the vase.
14. Tomorrow is Judy’s birthday. I’d better give her a present.
15. She’d better put the fish in an aquarium.
16. You’d better not look at the computer screen too much.
17. You’d better iron this jacket again.
18. You’d better eat your lunch quietly.

Match with the sentences above

Answers:

a. 8 b. 16 c. 9 d. 15 e. 4 f. 3
g. 1 h. 14 i. 13 j. 10 k. 11 l. 5
m. 18 n. 6 o. 7 p. 12 r. 17 s. 2

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Match
1. The students have low marks.
…………………
2.

lt’s dangerous. …………………..
3.

lf you ride a motorbike, …………………. .
4. Tomorrow is school time and …………….
5.

This is a wonderful view! ………………….
6. She has got a terrible cold………………..
7. We’ll have party on Sunday evening
…………………………….
8.

My sister has got a toothache
……………………..
9. My father works until midnight everyday.
10.

lt’s raining outside …………………………

a) You shouldn’t hang the clothes.
b) He shouldn’t work so hard.
c) She should see a dentist.
d) We should invite Judy this time.
e) She shouldn’t go out tonight.
f) She should take some photos.
g) He should go to bed earlier.
h) You should wear a helmet.
i) You shouldn’t drive so fast.
j) They should study harder.

Answers:

1. j 2. i 3. h 4. g 5. f 6. e 7. d 8. c 9. b 10. a

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